Wednesday, July 31, 2019
Tuesday, July 30, 2019
Friday, July 26, 2019
Wednesday, July 24, 2019
Monday, July 22, 2019
Aequorea victoria GFP
glycine,tyrosine, threonine。
Primary structure of the Aequorea victoria green-fluorescent protein
Abstract
Many cnidarians utilize green-fluorescent proteins (GFPs) as energy-transfer acceptors in bioluminescence. GFPs fluoresce in vivo upon receiving energy from either a luciferase-oxyluciferin excited-state complex or a Ca2+-activated photoprotein. These highly fluorescent proteins are unique due to the chemical nature of their chromophore, which is comprised of modified amino acid (aa) residues within the polypeptide. This report describes the cloning and sequencing of both cDNA and genomic clones of GFP from the cnidarian, Aequorea victoria. The gfp10 cDNA encodes a 238-aa-residue polypeptide with a calculated of 26888. Comparsion of A. victoria GFP genomic clones shows three different restriction enzyme patterns which suggests that at least three different genes are present in the A. victoria population at Friday Harbor, Washington. The gfp gene encoded by the λGFP2 genomic clone is comprised of at least three exons spread over 2.6 kb. The nucleotide sequences of the cDNA and the gene will aid in the elucidation of structure-function relationships in this unique class of proteins.
Abstract
Many cnidarians utilize green-fluorescent proteins (GFPs) as energy-transfer acceptors in bioluminescence. GFPs fluoresce in vivo upon receiving energy from either a luciferase-oxyluciferin excited-state complex or a Ca2+-activated photoprotein. These highly fluorescent proteins are unique due to the chemical nature of their chromophore, which is comprised of modified amino acid (aa) residues within the polypeptide. This report describes the cloning and sequencing of both cDNA and genomic clones of GFP from the cnidarian, Aequorea victoria. The gfp10 cDNA encodes a 238-aa-residue polypeptide with a calculated of 26888. Comparsion of A. victoria GFP genomic clones shows three different restriction enzyme patterns which suggests that at least three different genes are present in the A. victoria population at Friday Harbor, Washington. The gfp gene encoded by the λGFP2 genomic clone is comprised of at least three exons spread over 2.6 kb. The nucleotide sequences of the cDNA and the gene will aid in the elucidation of structure-function relationships in this unique class of proteins.
Thursday, July 18, 2019
Tuesday, July 16, 2019
康熙六次下江南，四次住在曹雪芹家，都是因为这个女人! ZZ
大家都知道《红楼梦》的作者曹雪芹曾经是个阔少爷，所以他才能把富贵人家的生活写得那么细致。什么山珍海味、金玉绫罗，那真是数不胜数，连烧个茄子都要用好几只鸡来作配料。要说他们家的富贵风光，还有一件事不得不提，那就是康熙皇帝六次下江南，曹雪芹家接了四次驾。
史书上说，因为曹雪芹的曾祖父曹玺镇压山西叛乱有功，所以让他监理江宁织造。江宁织造虽然只是五品官，不过身处江南，而且干的是替皇家买办、督造的活儿，所以是公认的肥差。按理来说官位是不可以世袭的。不过康熙实在是太宠爱曹家了，所以曹家能够一直世袭江宁织造这一职务。按品级，江宁织造不过是个五品官，就算是皇帝南巡，他们家也只有搬小板凳充当吃瓜群众的份儿，然而康熙却不愿意住在行宫，偏偏要住到他们家里。曹家，尤其是到了曹玺的儿子曹寅当家的时候，能够如此受康熙宠幸，曹玺的女人可谓功不可没。
曹玺的妻子孙氏没有显赫的家庭背景，不过她却和康熙有着非同一般的关系。康熙一出生，就得到了顺治帝的喜爱，为他取名玄烨。康熙小的时候没有出过痘(天花)，顺治帝怕他染上这种不治之症，不得已委托可靠的奶妈带他到紫禁城外哺养。当时曹玺的妻子孙氏就是康熙最重要的奶妈，她不仅负责给康熙喂奶，还照顾他的饮食起居，两人之间有着深厚的感情。后来康熙还加封孙氏为一品诰命夫人。
由于母亲孙氏与康熙的特殊关系，曹寅从小就有机会进宫，给康熙作了伴读小书童。十六岁时曹寅又成了康熙的贴身保镖，还在铲除鳌拜时立下汗马功劳。父亲曹玺死后，曹寅继任江宁织造。小小的五品官给皇帝递交奏折原本是很困难的，不过在曹寅面前，这都不是个事儿。在交通不发达的古代，曹寅给康熙递交过几百封奏折，康熙甚至还会很亲切地给曹寅的奏折朱批“知道了”。在曹寅病重时，他的大舅哥苏州织造李煦上书请康熙赐药，康熙的朱批写了很多话，并且把珍贵的进口药金鸡纳霜派驿马加急送往曹家。
不过可惜的是，金鸡纳霜还没送到，曹寅就被疟疾虐死了。康熙非常伤心，下令将曹寅风光大葬，并且让曹寅的儿子曹颙继续担任江宁织造。不过好景不长，几年后曹颙也英年早逝。眼看着曹寅这一支后继无人，康熙又命人从曹家挑了一个男丁过继给曹寅，仍然是任职江宁织造。老子死了，儿子当官，儿子死了，皇帝给物色继子，继续当官。这样的事在古代的官场也算是空前绝后吧。
由于母亲孙氏与康熙的特殊关系，曹寅从小就有机会进宫，给康熙作了伴读小书童。十六岁时曹寅又成了康熙的贴身保镖，还在铲除鳌拜时立下汗马功劳。父亲曹玺死后，曹寅继任江宁织造。小小的五品官给皇帝递交奏折原本是很困难的，不过在曹寅面前，这都不是个事儿。在交通不发达的古代，曹寅给康熙递交过几百封奏折，康熙甚至还会很亲切地给曹寅的奏折朱批“知道了”。在曹寅病重时，他的大舅哥苏州织造李煦上书请康熙赐药，康熙的朱批写了很多话，并且把珍贵的进口药金鸡纳霜派驿马加急送往曹家。
不过可惜的是，金鸡纳霜还没送到，曹寅就被疟疾虐死了。康熙非常伤心，下令将曹寅风光大葬，并且让曹寅的儿子曹颙继续担任江宁织造。不过好景不长，几年后曹颙也英年早逝。眼看着曹寅这一支后继无人，康熙又命人从曹家挑了一个男丁过继给曹寅，仍然是任职江宁织造。老子死了，儿子当官，儿子死了，皇帝给物色继子，继续当官。这样的事在古代的官场也算是空前绝后吧。
Sunday, July 14, 2019
Wednesday, July 10, 2019
Sunday, July 07, 2019
Saturday, July 06, 2019
Wednesday, July 03, 2019
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